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Parts of Speech
A NOUN is the name of anything,
As: school or garden, toy, or swing.
ADJECTIVES tell the kind of noun,
As: great, small, pretty, white,
or brown.
VERBS tell of something being done:
To read, write, count, sing, jump, or run.
How things are done the ADVERBStell,
As: slowly, quickly, badly, well.
CONJUNCTIONS join the words together, as:
Men and women, wind or weather.
The PREPOSITION stands before
A noun as: in or through a door.
The INTERJECTION shows surprise
As: Oh, how pretty! Ah! How wise!
The whole are called the
PARTS of SPEECH,
which reading, writing, speaking teach.
- by David B. Tower & Benjamin F. Tweed
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What's a preposition?
A prepositiondescribes a relationship between other words in a sentence. Prepositions are nearly always combined with other words in prepositional phrases. This whole phrase can act as an adjective or an adverb, locating something in time and space, describing a noun, or telling when or where or under what conditions something happened. Consider this professor's desk and all of the prepositional phrases we can use while talking about it:
You can sit before the desk or in front of the desk. The professor can sit on the desk or behind the desk, and then his feet are under the desk or beneath the desk. He can stand beside the desk (meaning next to the desk), before the desk, between the desk and you, or even on the desk (if he's really strange). If he's clumsy, he can bump into the desk or try to walk through the desk (and stuff would fall off the desk). Passing his hands over the desk or resting his elbows upon the desk, he often looks across the desk and speaks of the desk, as if there were nothing else like the desk. Because he thinks of nothing except the desk, sometimes you wonder about the desk, what is in the desk, what he paid for the desk, and if he could live without the desk. You can walk toward the desk, to the desk, around the desk,by the desk, and even past the desk while he sits at the desk or leans against the desk. All of this happens, of course, in time: during the class, before the class, until the class, throughout the class,after the class, etc.
And the professor can sit there in a bad mood.
(from http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/prepositions.htm)
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